1 in 8 Canadians will experience a major depressive episode

The different kinds of depression & bipolar disorders


If you think that you or a loved one might be experiencing depression or bipolar, it's important to reach out and seek appropriate support right away. Over 80% of Canadians with depression report significant improvement with appropriate treatment. Learn more about recognizing the signs and symptoms of depression and bipolar. 

Bipolar I Disorder

Distinct periods of mania (abnormally elevated or irritable mood) lasting at least 1 week, preceded by or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes.

Bipolar II Disorder

Distinct periods of hypomania lasting at least 4 days, preceded by or followed by major depressive episodes.

Major depressive disorder (MDD)

Distinct periods of depression lasting 2 weeks or more of persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness or hopelessness. This can include changes in appetite or weight, getting more or less sleep than usual, or thoughts of death or suicide.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

A shift in mood around the days of your period with feelings like depression, rejection sensitivity, low energy, anxiety, self critical thoughts. 

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)

Persistent irritability in kids 6 to 18 years old + frequent bursts of severe aggression or acting out in ways that seem extreme for the situation.

Persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia)

2 or more years of persistent low severity depression symptoms, such as: low interest in enjoyable activities, worthlessness, guilt, low energy, restlessness, difficulty concentrating or making decisions.

Some key specifiers


Specifiers tell us more information about the characteristics of your depression experience, helping us tailor and refine your treatment plan to improve your symptoms.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Depressive episodes occur in a seasonal pattern, e.g. fall or winter.

Atypical Features

Increased appetite, sleep, weight gain & feel heavy during a depressive episode.

Mixed Features

Symptoms of mania or hypomania occur during a depressive episode.

Peripartum/Postpartum Depression

Depressive episodes occur during pregnancy or postpartum period.

Psychotic Features

Experiencing delusions or hallucinations during a depressive episode.

Anxious Distress

Experiencing symptoms of anxiety during a depressive episode.
 The frequent attempt to conceal mental pain increases the burden: it is easier to say, “My tooth is aching,” than to say, “My heart is broken.”

- C.S. Lewis

Other Related Areas of Expertise


Depression and Bipolar disorders can often co-occur with other mental health concerns, including anxiety, and trauma or stressor related issues. 

Anxiety

Trauma

You're not alone